View source for Xorg

[[Category:X server]]
[[Category:Graphics]]
{{Related articles start}}
{{Related|Start X at login}}
{{Related|Autostarting}}
{{Related|Display manager}}
{{Related|Window manager}}
{{Related|Font configuration}}
{{Related|Cursor themes}}
{{Related|Desktop environment}}
{{Related|Wayland}}
{{Related|Xinitrc}}
{{Related articles end}}
From http://www.x.org/wiki/:
:The X.Org project provides an open source implementation of the X Window System. The development work is being done in conjunction with the freedesktop.org community. The X.Org Foundation is the educational non-profit corporation whose Board serves this effort, and whose Members lead this work.
'''Xorg''' is the most popular display server among BSD and GNU/Linux users. Its ubiquity has led to making it an ever-present requisite for GUI applications, resulting in massive adoption from most distributions. See the [[Wikipedia:X.Org Server|Xorg]] Wikipedia article or visit the [http://www.x.org/wiki/ Xorg website] for more details.
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== Installation ==
Xorg can be [[install]]ed with the {{Pkg|xorg-server}} package.
Additionally, some packages from the {{Pkg|xorg-server-utils}} meta-package are necessary for certain configuration tasks, they are pointed out in the relevant sections. Other useful packages are in the {{Grp|xorg-apps}} group.
{{Tip|You will typically seek to install a [[window manager]] or a [[desktop environment]] to supplement X.}}
=== Driver installation ===
The PacBSD kernel includes open-source video drivers and support for hardware accelerated framebuffers. However, userland support is required for OpenGL and 2D acceleration in X11.
First, identify your card:
{{bc|# lspci | grep -e VGA -e 3D}}
{{note|Currently {{ic|lspci}} requires root permissions to run.  Another option is to use {{ic|pciconf}} instead.}}
{{bc|$ pciconf -lv vgapci0}}
{{note|If there are more than one graphics card in the system adjust the number in ''vgapic'' to match the desired card.}}
Then install an appropriate driver. You can search the package database for a complete list of open-source video drivers:
 {{bc|$ pacman -Ss xf86-video}}
Xorg searches for installed drivers automatically:
* If it cannot find the specific driver installed for the hardware (listed below), it first searches for ''fbdev'' ({{pkg|xf86-video-fbdev}}).
* If that is not found, it searches for ''vesa'' ({{pkg|xf86-video-vesa}}), the generic driver, which handles a large number of chipsets but does not include any 2D or 3D acceleration.
* If ''vesa'' is not found, Xorg will fall back to [[kernel mode setting]], which includes GLAMOR acceleration (see {{ic|man modesetting}}).
In order for video acceleration to work, and often to expose all the modes that the GPU can set, a proper video driver is required:
{| class="wikitable"  style="text-align:center"
|-
! Brand !! Type !! Driver !! OpenGL !! OpenGL ([[Multilib]]) !! Documentation
|-
| rowspan="3" | '''ATI''' || rowspan="2" | Open source || {{Pkg|xf86-video-amdgpu}} || rowspan="2" | {{Pkg|mesa-libgl}} || rowspan="2" | {{Pkg|lib32-mesa-libgl}} || [[AMDGPU]]
|-
| {{Pkg|xf86-video-ati}} || [[ATI]]
|-
| Proprietary || {{PUR|catalyst}} || {{PUR|catalyst-libgl}} || {{PUR|lib32-catalyst-libgl}} || [[AMD Catalyst]]
|-
| '''Intel''' || Open source || {{Pkg|xf86-video-intel}} || {{Pkg|mesa-libgl}} || {{Pkg|lib32-mesa-libgl}} || [[Intel graphics]]
|-
| rowspan="4" | '''Nvidia''' || Open source || {{Pkg|xf86-video-nouveau}} || {{Pkg|mesa-libgl}} || {{Pkg|lib32-mesa-libgl}} || [[Nouveau]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | Proprietary || {{Pkg|nvidia}} || {{Pkg|nvidia-libgl}} || {{Pkg|lib32-nvidia-libgl}} || rowspan="3" | [[NVIDIA]]
|-
| {{Pkg|nvidia-340xx}} || {{Pkg|nvidia-340xx-libgl}} || {{Pkg|lib32-nvidia-340xx-libgl}}
|-
| {{Pkg|nvidia-304xx}} || {{Pkg|nvidia-304xx-libgl}} || {{Pkg|lib32-nvidia-304xx-libgl}}
|}
{{Note|For NVIDIA Optimus enabled laptop which uses an integrated video card combined with a dedicated GPU, see [[NVIDIA Optimus]] or [[Bumblebee]].}}
Other video drivers can be found in the {{Grp|xorg-drivers}} group.
Xorg should run smoothly without closed source drivers, which are typically needed only for advanced features such as fast 3D-accelerated rendering for games.
== Running ==
=== Display manager ===
A convenient way to start X, but one that requires an additional application and dependencies, is by using a [[display manager]].
=== Manually ===
To start the X server without a display manager, see [[xinit]].